TV Ownership

 - BBC can't advertise any product on their TV shows.

- PSB (public service broadcasting) means that programmes are made FOR the public. There are no advertisements.

- Public service broadcasters generally transmit programming that aims to improve society by informing viewers.

- Public service broadcasters also strive to entertain their viewers. 

PSB golden rules:

- Reflect the diversity of the UK.

- Programmes must inform viewers.

- Programmes must be distinctive -> original and not clones/rebroadcasts of american TV shows. 

- The BBC is a good example of a public service broadcaster.

- Remit -> the responsibility / promise of a programme (don't get this confused with the PSB)

- BBC remit - to enrich people's lives with programmes and services that inform, educate and entertain.

- 'To reflect the UK, its culture and values to the world'.

Funding:

- 75% of the BBC's funding comes from the licence fee (currently costs £159 for a colour and £53.50 for a black and white TV licence.)

- The remaining income comes from commercial activities such as:

world wide sales of its programmes.

publications such as Radio Times, Goodfood etc. (BBC also includes BBC radio).

Remit of ITV:

- Launched 1995, it is the oldest commercial network in the UK.

- It was established in order to provide competition to BBC television (established 1932).

Commercial Television:

- This is the opposite of the PBS broadcaster.

- The aim of a commercial stations (ITV, 5 and SKY) is to provide popular shows that attract an audience - therefore leading to higher prices wheb advertising is sold. 

- ALL commercial terrestrial stations (ITV, 5) are funded by advertising, sponsors and product placement. 

Explain how a PSC operates differently to a commercial company. Use an example to support your answer (4).

A PSC or PSB such as BBC will operate in ways to reflect the diversity of the UK, inform viewers and have distinctive and original programmes. They are also unable to use funding of advertisement and sponsorship. To watch a PSB, a TV licence must be paid (£159 a year) to access such shows and channels (for the BBC - Doctor Who) as this is the PSB's main stream of revenue (75% of revenue). A commercial company such as ITV or SKY opperates differently, as they do use advertisement as their main source of  revenue. You do not need a TV licence to watch these channels and they have more freedom to choose what they showcase, like entertainment shows (love island), as it is not a public service; needing to think about the entire demographic of the UK. 

Structure of the BBC:

- The BBC is a cross-media organisation - one of the largest in europe.

- This means it is vertically and horizontally integrated.

- Vertical integration - in which a company has the ability to control the production (pre, prod, post), distrubution and exchange (consumption/exhibition) of a product.

- Horizontal integration - in which a company has a number of a subsidiary companies that are used to support the marketing of its products. 

Why might a company choose to be both horizontally and vertically integrated? What media company supports this?

A company might choose to be horzontally and vertically integrated because they are able to gain benefits from both methods. For example, BBC use multiple methods of distrubuting media, like radio, magazine and websites etc. They also have their own production company and don't need to pay other companies to create media products for them.